When it comes to fire protection, your alarm system is one of the most critical lines of defence. Choosing between a wireless and hardwired fire alarm system can have big implications for cost, reliability, ease of installation, and long-term maintenance.
So how do you know which one is right for your property?
In this guide, we’ll break down the pros and cons of wireless and hardwired fire alarms, helping you weigh up the differences and choose the system that suits your needs.
What’s the Difference?
Hardwired fire alarms are connected via physical cables to a central control panel and to the mains power supply, often with a battery backup.
Wireless fire alarms use radio frequency (RF) signals to communicate between the alarm devices and the control panel. They are powered by batteries or a combination of battery and mains.
Hardwired Fire Alarms
Pros
1. High Reliability
Hardwired systems are extremely reliable, especially in larger buildings or commercial settings. There’s no risk of signal interference.
2. Low Long-Term Running Costs
Once installed, hardwired systems require fewer battery replacements and less frequent servicing.
3. Permanent Power Source
Connected directly to the mains, with battery backup in case of power cuts.
4. Ideal for Interlinked Systems
Especially effective in buildings that require multiple zones and extensive alarm coverage.
Cons
1. Installation Can Be Disruptive
Wiring throughout the building means lifting floorboards, chasing walls, or using trunking — not ideal in finished homes or heritage buildings.
2. Higher Upfront Cost
The cost of installation (labour, wiring, etc.) is higher than with wireless systems.
3. Less Flexible for Future Changes
If you want to add new zones or detectors, it may require additional cabling and labour.
Wireless Fire Alarms
Pros
1. Quick and Easy Installation
No need for cables or structural disruption. Ideal for retrofit projects or rental properties.
2. Flexible and Scalable
Easily add or relocate detectors, sounders, and panels without re-wiring.
3. Minimal Disruption to Decor
Preserve walls and ceilings — great for listed buildings, offices, or homes.
4. Smart Features Available
Many modern wireless systems offer app-based control, remote alerts, and integration with smart home tech.
Cons
1. Battery Maintenance Required
You’ll need to replace batteries regularly, or risk faults and non-compliance.
2. Signal Interference Possible
Metal structures, thick walls, or other wireless devices may affect performance, although newer models are more resistant to interference.
3. Higher Unit Cost
Wireless components often cost more individually than their wired counterparts.
4. May Require Regular Signal Testing
You’ll need to periodically test connections between devices to ensure they’re still communicating correctly.
Which One Is Right for You?
| Scenario | Recommendation |
|---|---|
| New Build | Hardwired — easy to integrate during construction |
| Listed Building or Retrofit | Wireless — minimal disruption to walls/decor |
| Large Commercial Premises | Hardwired — for stability and long-term cost efficiency |
| Small Office or Flat | Wireless — quick install and flexibility |
| High-Risk Premises (care homes, schools) | Hardwired with professional monitoring |
For most homes and small businesses, a wireless system offers great flexibility and ease. For larger or higher-risk environments, a hardwired system might be a better long-term investment.
Are Wireless Fire Alarms Legal in the UK?
Yes — wireless fire alarms are legal and compliant, as long as they meet the relevant British Standards (BS 5839-1 for commercial and BS 5839-6 for domestic). Always choose certified systems from trusted manufacturers, and ensure installation is carried out by a competent person.
Final Thoughts
Both wireless and hardwired fire alarm systems are effective at detecting and warning occupants of fire, but they serve different purposes depending on your building’s layout, use, and practical constraints.
Hardwired systems are typically best for new builds, large commercial premises, or environments where long-term reliability and minimal maintenance are critical. Once installed, they tend to be robust, low-maintenance, and cost-effective over time. They’re also ideal for sites where regular fire drills, multiple zones, or fire panel integration is required.
Wireless systems, on the other hand, shine in settings where ease of installation, flexibility, and minimal disruption are priorities. They’re especially useful for existing buildings, rental properties, listed premises, and temporary structures like construction site offices. With newer wireless systems offering better battery life and signal range, they’re now a highly credible option for many home and business owners.
However, it’s not always a clear-cut choice. In some cases, a hybrid system, using wired components where possible and wireless extensions where needed, offers the best of both worlds.
Ultimately, the best system for you will depend on:
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The size and complexity of your property
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Your budget and timeframe
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The level of risk in your environment (e.g. care homes, schools, kitchens)
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Whether future changes or extensions to the system are likely
For expert advice on fire protection and prevention measures, contact MartynYoung Fireproofing Consultancy on 07585 896648